A Look At The World of Micro Compact 9mm Pistols

Semi-automatic pistols have been getting smaller and better ever since they were first introduced in the 1890s. It just seemed natural to give the people what they wanted and inventors like John Browning, Carl Walther, and Gaston Glock burned the midnight oil to make it happen.

In 1995, Glock introduced the G26, a palm-sized subcompact 9mm that brought with it a 10+1 round capacity in a gun that was almost small enough to slip into a pocket.

This, the first “Baby Glock,” proved immensely popular and set a bar that was hard to beat for almost a quarter century. Cops bought it for use as a backup gun, and citizens for a concealed carry gun, and it proved a benchmark to the market for a generation.

That was until SIG Sauer introduced the P365 (so named because you could carry it “every day of the year”) in 2018. Whereas the G26 weighed 21.5 ounces (unloaded) and ran 6.5 inches long and a chunky 1.26 inches wide, the P365 delivered the same magazine capacity in a more svelte package that was a skinny 1-inch wide, went just 5.8 inches long and had a trim 17-ounce weight.

While that sounds like only a minimal improvement, all it took was to pick up a very brick-like G26, then pick up a P365 and the cumulative difference was truly transformative.

Since then, a series of pistols, all with an emphasis on slim, more “melted” ergonomics, while still bringing at least a 10-round magazine to the party have come along that built on the trend started by the P365.

Let’s walk through today’s top micro 9s.

1. SIG P365: Best Overall

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.1 inches
• Overall Length: 5.8 inches
• Height: 4.3 inches
• Width: 1 inch
• Weight: 17.8 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 10+1
• Optics Capability: Shield RMSc footprint (SIG calls it the “Romeo Zero” footprint)
• Accessory Rail? Yes, limited proprietary rail
• MSRP: (SIG doesn’t list MSRPs)

The pistol that started this whole micro 9 thing just a half-decade ago and set the bar for everyone else to reach for, the standard P365 is hard to beat, and the company says that well over a million units were sold just in the first two years it was on the market.

Plus, as the P365 series uses a serialized fire control unit–the technical “firearm” portion of the gun– that can be swapped across multiple grip modules (which aren’t serialized), slides, and frames, it has a unique modularity that nobody else can touch.

I remember when the original P365 launched with quality control issues that have since been resolved, but its revolutionary impact on the micro compact category cannot be overstated. The serialized fire control unit (FCU) system enables unmatched modularity—I can essentially build multiple pistols around one “firearm.” This flexibility extends the P365’s usefulness far beyond other micro compacts.

The trigger, while not the best in class, offers good consistency and a relatively short reset. I’ve found magazine loading requires more effort than traditional single-stacks due to the stack-and-a-half design, though this improves with break-in.

The proprietary rail limits light options but ensures secure mounting. Aftermarket support is extensive, with everything from triggers to complete upper assemblies available. The grip angle and texture work well for most shooters, though those with very large hands may prefer the P365X or XL variants.

Despite newer competitors, I still consider the P365 the benchmark against which all other micro compacts are measured.

2. SIG P365X: Perfect Middle Ground

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.1 inches
• Overall Length:6 inches
• Height: 4.8 inches
• Width: 1.1 inches
• Weight: 21 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 12+1 round
• Optics Capability: Shield RMSc footprint (SIG calls it the Romeo Zero footprint)
• Accessory Rail? Yes, limited proprietary rail
• MSRP: (SIG doesn’t list MSRPs)

What can be seen as essentially a taller P365 that allows for 12+1 round flush fit magazines in exchange for picking up an extra half-inch in height, many feel the P365X allows for a better, fuller, grip as well as better controllability as the original P365 can be a little snappy.

Plus, it has a flat-face trigger rather than the standard P365’s curved trigger.

I’ve found the P365X represents the sweet spot in SIG’s micro compact lineup, adding just enough grip length to dramatically improve control and capacity without significantly impacting concealability. The 12+1 flush-fit magazines strike an ideal balance for most users.

The flat-faced trigger offers better leverage and feel than the standard P365’s curved trigger, contributing to improved accuracy. The slightly larger grip accommodates more hand sizes comfortably, reducing the “pinky hanging off” issue common with true micro compacts.

However, this size increase pushes the P365X closer to traditional compact territory, potentially negating the concealment advantages that drew users to micro compacts initially. The same FCU modularity applies, allowing easy reconfiguration to other P365 variants. I’ve found holster selection excellent, with most P365 holsters accommodating the X-frame.

For shooters who find the standard P365 too small but don’t want a full compact, the P365X offers an excellent compromise.

3. SIG P365XL: Best Shootability

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.7 inches
• Overall Length: 6.6 inches
• Height: 4.8 inches
• Width: 1.1 inches
• Weight: 20.7 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 12+1 round
• Optics Capability: Shield RMSc footprint (SIG calls it the Romeo Zero footprint)
• Accessory Rail? Yes, limited proprietary rail
• MSRP: (SIG doesn’t list MSRPs)

Curiously, although the P365’s hallmark was its small size at almost any cost to features, customer feedback found that the public was eager for stretched versions.

Besides the taller P365X, the P365XL likewise grew to accommodate a 12+1 round flush fit magazine and added a half inch to the slide and barrel, giving the pistol a longer sight radius and thus lending to better accuracy and less muzzle flip during the firing cycle. However, this upsize started to push the P365 to roughly the same dimensions as the Glock G43X.

I’ve discovered the P365XL pushes the boundaries of the “micro compact” designation, feeling more like a slim compact pistol. The longer slide and barrel provide a significant accuracy advantage over shorter variants, making the XL suitable for more demanding shooting scenarios.

Muzzle flip is noticeably reduced compared to the standard P365, enabling faster follow-up shots. The extended sight radius improves precision, particularly at longer defensive distances. However, the increased length can complicate appendix carry for some body types, and the pistol begins to approach Glock 43X dimensions.

The slide’s additional mass helps with recoil management but adds weight. Magazine compatibility across the P365 line means XL owners can use standard 10-round magazines for maximum concealability when needed. I’ve found the XL works particularly well for shooters who want one pistol for both concealed carry and home defense, offering compact-level performance in a still-concealable package.

4. SIG P365 XMacro Comp: Best Premium Option

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.7 inches
• Overall Length: 6.6 inches
• Height: 5.2 inches
• Width: 1.1 inches
• Weight: 22 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 17+1 round
• Optics Capability: Shield RMSc footprint (SIG calls it the Romeo Zero footprint)
• Accessory Rail? Picatinny M1913
• MSRP: (SIG doesn’t list MSRPs)

In many ways throwing the original P365 concept out of the window, the P365XMacro grew the grip module even further than the P365X and XL although in different ways. Now at 5.2 inches high, it accommodated a 17+1 round flush fit magazine– the same capacity as a full-sized Glock 17– and added a full Picatinny rail, the only micro 9 to have such a luxury.

Although as long as the stretched P365XL, it only has a 3.1-inch barrel due to the fact the XMacro uses an ingenious compensator that is integral to the slide.

I’ve put over 1,000 rounds through my XMacro and found it genuinely stretches the micro compact concept to its absolute limits, essentially packaging full-size firepower in a slim profile. The integral compensator genuinely reduces felt recoil and muzzle flip—I was pinging a torso plate at 50 yards more often than not, though the porting creates additional blast and flash that’s less than ideal for indoor defensive use.

The full Picatinny rail accommodates standard weapon lights, making this the only micro compact truly suitable for dual carry/home defense roles. However, by the time you add 17+1 rounds of ammo and an optic, you’re looking at a 29-ounce gun that weighs almost as much as a loaded G17. The magazines are pricey at $59 apiece and are unique to the model, though they’re backward compatible with all other P365s.

I’ve found the grip large enough for virtually any hand size, improving control significantly over smaller variants. For users wanting maximum capability in the slimmest possible package, the XMacro Comp delivers, though it challenges traditional micro compact expectations.

Those who don’t need (or want) the comp can opt for the similar P365 TACOPS, which still has the same 17+1 capacity, Pic accessory rail, and a more traditional P365XL slide and barrel.

We covered the XMac in detail in our hands-on review.

5. Springfield Armory Hellcat: Best Capacity

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3 inches
• Overall Length: 6 inches
• Height: 4 inches
• Width: 1 inch
• Weight: 17.9 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 11+1 round flush, 13+1 round extended
  Optics Capability:
• Shield RMSc footprint in OSP models
• Accessory Rail? Yes, limited proprietary rail
• MSRP: $599 with optics-ready OSP models about $50 more

Within a year of the P365’s debut, Springfield Armory, through Croatian-based manufacturer HS Produckt– makers of the XD and now Echelon series pistols and Hellion bullpup rifle– replied with the Hellcat pistol. Roughly the same size as the standard 10+1 shot P365, as the Hellcat offered an 11+1 round capacity, Springfield proudly called it the “world’s highest capacity micro compact 9mm.”

The thing is, even as the micro 9 field continues to grow, the Hellcat has remained popular and is a best seller in shops around the country. Further, they are tough guns and have passed 20,000-round torture tests to back it up.

And, for those with a hankering for something other than black and FDE, Springfield has introduced the Hellcat in a ton of different colorways including Robin’s Egg, Stainless, Burnt Bronze, and Platinum Grey.

I’ve found the Hellcat’s 11+1 capacity in a package smaller than the P365 represents exceptional engineering, though this comes with trade-offs. The grip is noticeably narrower than competitors, which aids concealability but may challenge shooters with larger hands. Springfield’s Adaptive Grip Texture provides excellent purchase without being abrasive against skin.

The U-notch rear sight design is divisive—some love the fast target acquisition, others prefer traditional notch sights. I consider the trigger quality good but not exceptional, with moderate take-up and a somewhat indistinct reset.

The Hellcat’s slim profile makes it disappear under clothing better than most competitors, though the aggressive grip texture can telegraph through thin fabrics. Magazine loading is notably difficult due to the spring tension required for 11-round capacity. The OSP (Optics Ready) version is the better choice, as the Shield RMSc footprint accommodates several quality red dots. For maximum capacity in minimum size, I believe the Hellcat remains unmatched.

6. Springfield Armory Hellcat Pro: Best for Beginners

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.7 inches
• Overall Length: 6.6 inches
• Height: 4.8 inches
• Width: 1 inch
• Weight: 21 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 15+1 round
• Optics Capability: Shield RMSc footprint on all models
• Accessory Rail? Yes, short Picatinny
• MSRP: $649

In what could be looked at as a competitor to the “stretched” P365XL, the Hellcat Pro builds on the standard Hellcat platform to yield a taller and longer pistol that still has an emphasis on staying as slim and carry-oriented as possible.

I’ve put over 4,000 rounds through my test Hellcat Pro in the past year and found it addresses the original’s shootability concerns while maintaining the brand’s capacity advantage. The longer grip provides full three-finger purchase for most shooters, dramatically improving control and reducing felt recoil.

The 15+1 capacity rivals compact pistols while maintaining micro compact concealability. I’ve found the trigger benefits from the larger frame, offering better leverage and a more consistent feel. However, the Pro’s increased height challenges deep concealment scenarios where the original Hellcat excelled.

The sights are excellent—arguably the best factory sights in the micro compact category. The short Picatinny rail accommodates micro lights, adding defensive capability.

I can typically run a six-shot Bill Drill from 10 yards and easily hit the A/B zone six-for-six when drawing from concealment in under three seconds. For shooters prioritizing performance over ultimate concealability, I believe the Hellcat Pro is tough to beat.

You get a 15+1 flush fit capacity, and a decent accessory rail, and all Hellcat Pros are optics ready. You can read all about it in our long-term take on the Hellcat Pro in our review.

7. Taurus GX4: Best Value

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.06 inches
• Overall Length: 6.05 inches
• Height: 4.4 inches
• Width: 1.08 inches
• Weight: 18.5 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 11+1 round flush, 13+1 round extended
• Optics Capability: Shield RMS optic footprint on TORO models
• Accessory Rail? No
• MSRP: $399 standard, $449 optics ready TORO models

You may be shocked to find out, but the Taurus GX4 is the smallest micro 9 pistol on the market in terms of length and height. Plus, it has a higher magazine capacity than the original standard P365.

8. Stoeger STR-9MC: Hidden Gem

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.27 inches
• Overall Length: 6.1 inches
• Height: 4.25 inches
• Width: 0.94 inches
• Weight: 18.5 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 10+1 flush fit, 13+1 round extended mag
• Optics Capability: None
• Accessory Rail? Yes, limited proprietary rail
• MSRP: $399 with basic sights, $479 with tritiums

Stoeger, a Benelli/Beretta subsidiary based in Turkey, has been making decent pistols and shotguns for over 25 years and all it takes is a close look at their designs to see the hand of its parent company quietly at work.

The new Stoeger STR-9 series of 9mm pistols were introduced a couple of years ago and favors Beretta’s new APX line in styling albeit with a fixed traditional frame arrangement rather than the APX’s removable chassis system.

The smallest STR-9, the new MC, or micro-compact was introduced in 2023 and could prove a contender for those looking for a micro 9 as it’s a good emulator in dimensions to the original Hellcat and P365 while the price (can typically be found for around $350) is attractive.

9. Ruger MAX-9

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.2 inches
• Overall Length: 6 inches
• Height: 4.52 inches
• Width: 0.95 inches
• Weight: 18.4 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 10+1 flush, 12+1 round extended
• Optics Capability: JPoint and Shield-Pattern
• Accessory Rail? No
• MSRP: $439

Kind of an also-ran in terms of micro 9s, Ruger’s MAX-9 feels very much like a smaller version of the company’s Security 9 subcompact although in a striker-fired action.

A close match to the original P365 in terms of dimensions, it ships with two different length mags and is one of the more budget-minded micro 9s, as they typically can be found for well under the MSRP, because Ruger.

I’ve found the MAX-9 embodies Ruger’s philosophy of solid, dependable firearms at reasonable prices. While it doesn’t excel in any particular area, it’s competent across all categories—a jack-of-all-trades approach that appeals to practical-minded shooters. The trigger is adequate but not inspiring, with moderate take-up and a somewhat spongy break.

Ruger’s customer service and warranty support are excellent, providing peace of mind for long-term ownership. I appreciate that the grip angle works well for most shooters, though the texture could be more aggressive. Magazine availability is good, and Ruger typically keeps parts in stock longer than some competitors. The optics-ready version accommodates multiple footprints, adding versatility.

However, the MAX-9 lacks the capacity advantages of the Hellcat or the modularity of the P365 series. For shooters wanting a reliable, no-frills micro compact from an established American manufacturer, I believe the MAX-9 delivers solid performance without breaking the bank.

10. Canik Mete MC9: Best Trigger

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.18 inches
• Overall Length: 6.1 inches
• Height: 4.52 inches
• Width: 1.12 inches
• Weight: 21.27 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 12/15 Round Magazines
• Optics Capability: modified RMSc footprint
• Accessory Rail? Yes
• MSRP: $439

A lot of folks turn their noses up on Turkish-made pistols but those who have shot a Canik know better. These affordable high-feature guns deliver. I’ve been thoroughly impressed with the MC9’s trigger quality, which rivals pistols costing twice as much.

During my Rocky Mountain testing, the textured, rounded shoe with red blade safety felt natural and provided excellent control. What really sets this apart is the value proposition—for $439.99, you get an optics-ready slide, ambidextrous controls, accessory rail, adjustable backstraps, two magazines (12 and 15-round), and even a usable holster.

I found the grip texture aggressive enough for control without being abrasive during extended carry. The optics cut runs deep enough that when I installed my Holosun 407K, it co-witnessed perfectly with the iron sights without any adjustment.

My only minor complaint was that the optics plate had such a tight fit I almost had to pry it loose, but once mounted, everything felt like it was machined as one unit. For budget-conscious shooters wanting premium features, the MC9 delivers exceptional bang for the buck.

Plus, the MC9 is available in several colorways including black, flat dark earth (FDE), and two-tone black/FDE for starters.

We loved the Canik METE MC9 when we took it up to the Rocky Mountains for our review.

11. FN Reflex: Unique Engineering

Specs:

•  Barrel Length: 3.3 inches
• Overall Length: 6.2 inches
• Height: 4.27 inches
• Width: 1 inch
• Weight: 18.4 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 11+1 and 15+1 (10 rounders available in restricted states)
• Optics Capability: Shield RMSc/Holosun 507k/407k
• Accessory Rail? Yes
• MSRP: $599 ($649 for optics-ready models)

Just recently debuted in early 2023, the Reflex series is FN’s take on the micro 9.

It has particularly good ergonomics, like that seen on the FN 509 series, and is the only micro 9 on the market that has an internal hammer (rather than most which are striker-fired, and the S&W CSX which has an external hammer).

This gives it a better trigger in the class as well as the ability to have a lower slide-racking impulse. Plus, it comes standard with steel tritium night sights with a fiber optic front insert.

I appreciate the Reflex’s internal hammer system, which sets it apart in a sea of striker-fired micro compacts and potentially offers superior reliability in adverse conditions.

The hammer-fired action enables a genuinely excellent trigger that’s among the best in class—crisp, clean, and consistent. However, FN didn’t fully capitalize on this advantage by offering different trigger modes like DA/SA. I’ve found the closed-top slide design protects the optic from debris better than open-slide designs, but also makes the pistol slightly taller. Steel tritium night sights come standard, representing a $100+ value on most competitors.

The grip angle feels more natural than Glock-style pistols, though some shooters may need adjustment time. My concern is parts availability and service support—FN’s consumer pistol market presence is smaller than established players like SIG or Glock, potentially complicating long-term ownership.

12. Kimber Mako R7: Smoothest Shooter

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.37 inches
• Overall Length: 6.2 inches
• Height: 4.3 inches
• Width: 1 inch
• Weight: 19.5 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 11+1 Round Standard, 13+1 Round Extended
• Optics Capability: RMSc cut slide
• Accessory Rail? No
• MSRP: $599

Much better known for its 1911s and alloy-framed pistols, the Mako is Kimber’s first polymer-framed, striker-fired, double-stack, subcompact handgun and it falls firmly in the realm of a micro 9.

I’ve been fascinated by the Mako’s Bubits-Improved Browning Action, which represents genuine innovation by reducing the barrel tilt angle needed for cycling and creating a noticeably smoother recoil impulse.

This translates to faster follow-up shots and better control, particularly beneficial in a lightweight micro compact. The ambidextrous controls are truly ambidextrous—not just reversible like many competitors—making it ideal for left-handed shooters.

However, Kimber’s quality control has been inconsistent historically, and the Mako being their first polymer striker-fired pistol raises some concerns for me. I’ve found the grip texture excellent, and the trigger surprisingly good for a striker-fired design. Magazine availability and pricing remain question marks, as does long-term reliability data (as well as that pesky firing pin recall.)

The extended magazines create a full three-finger grip that significantly improves control. For shooters wanting something different that still performs well, the Mako offers unique advantages, though it feels like a bit of a gamble on an unproven platform.

13. Glock G43X MOS: Aftermarket King

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.4 inches
• Overall Length: 6.5 inches
• Height: 5 inches
• Width: 1.1 inches
• Weight: 18.7 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 10+1 (Shield Arms S15 15+1 round mags widely used)
• Optics Capability: RMSc footprint
• Accessory Rail? Yes
• MSRP: $582

Taking the slim and well-liked (over a million sold) Glock 43 and giving it Gen 5 features such as a very accurate GMB barrel, Glock in 2019 also stretched the design’s magwell to accept a stubby 10+1 round magazine and gave it a diminutive accessory slot.

The result was an answer to the P365 that was slimmer and a little lighter than the G26 and, especially when coupled with the aftermarket 15+1 round flush-fit Shield S15 magazine, has become Glock’s default micro 9, even though it is still a bit bigger than the P365, especially in terms of height.

On the downside, it has a pretty bad trigger and almost universally hated plastic sights. If you’re on the fence between the Glock G43X MOS and newer G48 entry, we’ve got a comparison for you.

14. S&W M&P 9 Shield Plus: Upgrade Path

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.1 inches
• Overall Length: 6.1 inches
• Height: 4.6 inches
• Width: 1.1 inches
• Weight: 17.9 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 10+1 round flush, 13+1 round extended
• Optics Capability: Shield RMS optic footprint on all models
• Accessory Rail? Yes, limited proprietary rail
• MSRP: $499

The single-stack M&P 9 Shield was a big hit for Smith & Wesson for years when it first debuted– making it akin to the single-stack Glock 43.

Therefore, once the move towards double-stack micro 9s hit, it made good sense for Smith to redesign the Shield to make it a bit slimmer and thinner while upping the capacity. While the Shield Plus gets lost in the crowded field, it’s a good gun and those who pick it will not be disappointed.

I’ve found the Shield Plus benefits from Smith & Wesson’s extensive experience with the original Shield platform, inheriting proven reliability and holster compatibility. The stack-and-a-half magazine design achieves impressive capacity without significantly increasing grip circumference.

However, the trigger remains the Shield Plus’s weakest point—functional but lacking the crispness of newer competitors. The oval grip shape is polarizing; some find it natural while others prefer cylindrical grips. I’ve found magazine loading easier than some high-capacity micro compacts, though still more difficult than traditional single-stacks.

The Shield Plus often sells for significantly less than MSRP, making it excellent value. Factory sight options are limited, though aftermarket support is extensive. The thumb safety variant appeals to shooters preferring manual safeties. For Shield owners wanting more capacity without relearning a new platform, I consider the Plus a logical upgrade path.

The Performance Center version with its improved barrel and sights represents better value for most buyers. Plus, for the cost, it’s typically priced well under MSRP, which is attractive. We loved the M&P 2.0 in our review, if you want more on the Shield.

15. Mossberg MC2sc: Best Features

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.4 inches
• Overall Length: 6.25 inches
• Height: 4.3 inches
• Overall Width: 1.1 inches
• Weight: 19.5 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 10+1
• Optics Capability: J-Point/Shield RMSc footprint
• Accessory Rail? Yes
• MSRP: $556 with basic sights ($662 with tritium sights)

Yes, Mossberg makes pistols and the MC2sc is a good one, especially when it comes to micro 9s.

While you often don’t hear about this little sub-compact, it is almost impossible to find a bad review on one. They deliver.

I believe the MC2sc might be the most underappreciated micro compact on the market. Those who’ve actually shot and carried them consistently report excellent reliability and surprising accuracy. I’ve found the trigger notably better than expected from Mossberg’s first serious pistol effort, with a clean break and short reset.

Grip ergonomics work well for a wide range of hand sizes, and the grip texture provides good purchase without being abrasive. The slide serrations are well-executed and functional. However, holster selection is limited compared to mainstream options, and finding magazines or parts could prove challenging long-term.

The sights are basic but serviceable, and the optics-ready version uses the common RMSc footprint. Mossberg’s customer service has generally been responsive for the few issues that have surfaced. At typical street prices around $450-500, I consider the MC2sc genuine value for shooters willing to step outside the major brands.

16. CZ P-10S: Best for Large Hands

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.5 inches
• Overall Length: 6.6 inches
• Height: 4.39 inches
• Width: 1.17 inches
• Weight: 24.4 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 12+1
• Optics Capability: Universal Toni system
• Accessory Rail? Yes
• MSRP: $449 (plus $90 for universal plate)

The most compact double stack CZ P-10 model, and one of our favorite handguns for women, the 10S runs big for a micro 9 (and is closer in size to a subcompact like the Glock 26) but CZ fans still love them and insist they are the company’s answer to the P365.

Plus, a big standout on these is that they can use the Italian Toni Universal adapter plate which will allow for just about any optic.

17. S&W CSX: Best Traditional Option

Specs:

• Barrel Length: 3.1 inches
• Overall Length: 6.1 inches
• Height: 4.6 inches
• Width: 1.12 inches
• Weight: 19.5 ounces unloaded
• Capacity: 10+1 round flus, 12+1 round extended
• Optics Capability: None
• Accessory Rail? No
• MSRP: $609

A sort of throwback to the old Detonics Pocket 9 of the 1980s, the Smith & Wesson CSX is the only micro 9 on the market today with an exposed hammer-fired SAO action and an alloy (rather than polymer) frame. While it has a vintage feel to it, it still hangs in there in terms of dimensions and capacity.

Plus, it is also one of the few with ambidextrous slide releases and manual thumb safety.

The problem is that most CSXs seen in the wild have been reported to have reliability issues and to be very “bitey” in terms of slide/hammer bite on the web of the user’s hand. That’s a shame because the 18-degree grip angle feels great, and the overall concept is interesting. Hopefully, Smith will get the bugs worked out of this one.

Plus, there is no rail or optics-ready capability.

I’ve found the CSX occupies a unique niche as the only micro compact with an external hammer and manual safety, appealing to shooters preferring traditional controls. The single-action trigger should theoretically be excellent, but early examples suffered from inconsistent quality that undermined this advantage.

The alloy frame provides durability and a premium feel but adds weight compared to polymer alternatives. I appreciate the grip angle and ergonomics generally, though the backstrap can be sharp against some hands. Reported reliability issues with early production runs have hurt the CSX’s reputation, though newer examples may have resolved these problems.

The lack of optics-ready capability limits modernization options. Magazine availability and pricing remain concerns for me. The CSX appeals to shooters wanting something different from the striker-fired mainstream, but quality control issues and limited features make it difficult for me to recommend over more proven alternatives.

If Smith & Wesson addresses the reliability concerns, the CSX could find its market.

18. Taurus GX4XL

In much the same way that the P365XL is a stretched version of the standard P365, the Taurus GX4XL is simply a longer variant of the GX4, adding 1 inch of length and thus increasing muzzle velocity and sight radius, making it easier to maintain accuracy as it cuts down on muzzle flip as well.

I’ve watched the GX4 become the poster child for Taurus’s quality renaissance, offering P365-level performance at half the price. Early production issues with barrels were quickly addressed through improved quality control and responsive customer service. I’ve found the trigger notably good for a budget pistol, with a clean break and positive reset.

The grip texture provides excellent purchase without being abrasive, and the grip angle works well for most shooters. However, the GX4’s narrow grip may challenge larger-handed shooters, and the lack of an accessory rail limits tactical accessories. The TORO optics-ready system accommodates popular red dots, adding versatility.

Magazine availability has improved significantly since launch. I consider the GX4’s biggest advantage to be value—it delivers 90% of the performance of pistols costing twice as much. For budget-conscious shooters or those wanting to try micro compact carry without major investment, I believe the GX4 represents exceptional value.

Just ensure you’re getting a newer production example with the improved barrel.

Pros

Very compact design that gives the user the smallest and most concealable option to carry a pistol with at least a 10+1 shot 9mm capacity.

This allows the user to carry confidently in more places and have good peace of mind, replacing much more limited guns such as a 5-shot snub-nosed revolver traditionally used for deep concealment with something more capable and more modern.

Cons

With the diminutive size of a micro compact carry gun, you leave a lot on the table. For instance, if you want to carry a weapon-mounted light, many micro 9s either don’t have rails or only sport one sufficient to use with microlights such as the SureFire SXC or Streamlight TLR-6.

Further, as the amount of real estate on the slide is at a premium, many micro red dot optics won’t work, with these guns typically only using the Shield RMS optic footprint, which covers something like half the dots out there, so you can use whatever red dot sight you prefer, as long as it uses an RMS footprint.

These short guns also need to be trained with to be effective. They generally suffer from muzzle flip, especially when firing rapidly, and are not as accurate or controllable as compact pistols such as the Glock 19 and S&W M&P9 Compact.

At the end of the day, these are small guns and have a hard time delivering on the range at extended distances. They are also not enjoyable to shoot, as they have a decent bark and flash due to the short length of the barrel.

No one is going to say a P365 makes a good plinker or range toy.

Start Here: What Do You Need?

Before diving into specific models, you need to figure out what matters most to you. Micro compacts are all about trade-offs, and understanding your priorities will guide you to the right choice. Here’s a decision matrix to get you started:

Size Considerations

Size is the whole point of micro compacts, but “small” is relative. Here’s how the main size categories break down:

True Micro

• Dimensions: ~5.8″ – 6.0″ long, ~4.0″ – 4.3″ tall, ~1.0″ wide
• Examples: P365, Hellcat, GX4
• Best for: Deep concealment, summer carry, smaller-framed users

Micro Plus

• Dimensions: ~6.0″ – 6.6″ long, ~4.3″ – 4.8″ tall, ~1.0″ – 1.1″ wide
• Examples: P365X, Hellcat Pro, Shield Plus
• Best for: Balance of concealability and shootability

Borderline Compact

• Dimensions: ~6.6″ – 7.0″ long, ~4.8″ – 5.2″ tall, ~1.1″ – 1.2″ wide
• Examples: P365XL, P365 XMacro, CZ P-10S
• Best for: Maximum capacity, dual-role guns, larger hands

The difference between a 5.8″ gun and a 6.6″ gun might seem small on paper, but it’s the difference between disappearing completely and occasionally printing. If you’re serious about concealment, stick to the true micro category.

Growing just slightly larger, typically just a half inch and length and height and a couple of ounces in weight (guns like the G43X, P365 XMacro, and Hellcat Pro) really changes the game when it comes to performance and accuracy while only being marginally harder to conceal– plus they often have a larger 15-17 round capacity and are much more friendly to shooters with large hands.

Capacity vs. Concealability

The whole micro 9 concept comes down to capacity, which is the fundamental trade-off in micro compacts. More rounds mean a bigger grip, which hurts concealability. That said, guns roughly this small have been around for a long time. The Browning FN 1905, which came out when Teddy Roosevelt was in office, weighed only 13 ounces and ran just 4.5 inches long.

It was popular, with something like 500,000 sold, remaining in production into the 1950s. However, these small semi-autos, while dependable, were in similarly small calibers (.25, .32, .380) and only used single stack mags, giving them a 6-7 round capacity.

That is what was so revolutionary about the SIG P365 when it debuted, as it was just slightly larger than these little mouse guns and brought 10+1 rounds of 9mm to the party.

If you need a smaller gun, there are several out there, such as the single-stack FN 503 and Glock G43, but you must be OK with pistols designed for a 6-7 round magazine capacity. If you are looking for at least 10 rounds rapid, then your basic standard micro 9 is your deal, stepping up to something like the Hellcat Pro (15+1 rounds) and P365XMacro (17+1 rounds).

Here’s how to think about it:

Higher Capacity (13-17 rounds) – Pros:

• More rounds for multiple attackers
• Confidence in defensive scenarios
• Better grip for most hand sizes
• Improved control and accuracy

Lower Capacity (10-12 rounds) – Pros:

• Maximum concealability
• Lighter overall weight
• Better for smaller-framed users
• Less printing under tight clothing

Sweet Spot Recommendations:

• For most users: 12-15 rounds hits the sweet spot. You get meaningful capacity improvement over traditional carry guns without going full-sized.
• For deep concealment: Stick to 10-11 rounds. The P365, Hellcat, and GX4 are your best bets.
• For maximum firepower: The P365 XMacro’s 17+1 capacity rivals full-sized pistols while staying concealable.

Feature Priorities

Micro 9s are a bit all over the place when it comes to feature sets, which is fine because that allows for different strokes for different folks, so to speak. Most come with standard features like slide serrations and a capacity of 10 or more.

Most have Shield RMS optic footprints, which is good for people who are fans of small MRDs like the JPoint, SIG Sauer Romeo Zero, Holosun 407, and Swampfox Sentinel. Others, like the S&W CSX and Stoeger STR-9MC, don’t have an optics-ready variant.

Those looking for the ability to add a full-sized weapon-mounted light to their Micro 9 are stuck with a P365XMacro, the only one in the class with a full Picatinny accessory rail.

Just about everyone else must get a smaller light or has to be fine with no light at all. Those looking for a hammer-fired action are siloed off into the FN Reflex which has an internal hammer, or the CSX, which has an external hammer. One thing you won’t find on micro 9s? A grip safety.

Modern micro compacts come loaded with features, but not all are created equal. Here’s what matters most:

Budget Guidelines

The most affordable micro 9s are, no surprise, imports from Brazil (Taurus GX4) and Turkey (Stoeger STR-9MC), with the possibility of shopping around and finding new examples of these for as low as the $299 price point.

Following this is the bulk-production U.S. examples from Ruger (MAX-9) and S&W (Shield Plus) which can usually be found in the $350 range. Then comes everyone else with SIG occupying the top shelf with specialty variants such as the P365 Custom Works Spectre Comp which run $1,200 and up.

Micro compacts span a wide price range, but you don’t have to spend a fortune to get quality. Here’s how the market breaks down:

Don’t Forget Hidden Costs: Factor in extra magazines ($30-60 each), holsters ($50-100), and potential optics ($150-300). A $400 pistol can easily become a $700+ investment once properly equipped.

First-Time Buyer Considerations

If this is your first micro compact (or first pistol), here are some additional factors to consider:

Simplicity Matters Striker-fired pistols with minimal controls are easier to learn. Avoid manual safeties unless you’re committed to extensive training.

Aftermarket Support Popular platforms (P365, Glock, Hellcat) have more holster options, accessories, and parts availability.

Training Requirements Micro compacts are harder to shoot well than full-sized pistols. Budget for training and practice ammunition.

Ergonomics Are Personal What feels great to one shooter may be awkward for another. Handle as many options as possible before deciding.

Beginner Recommendation: The Springfield Hellcat Pro offers the best combination of capacity, shootability, and user-friendly features for new micro compact owners. The excellent factory sights and 15+1 capacity build confidence, while the proven reliability reduces concerns about malfunctions.

Micro 9s are meant for ease of concealment — especially with inside the waistband (IWB) carry in the 1′ o’clock (appendix) or 3 o’clock (strong side) positions — but even the smallest pistol is useless if you can’t carry it comfortably and access it quickly. Your holster choice can make or break your carry experience, and the wrong setup will leave your expensive micro compact sitting in the safe.

Primary Carry Positions

Appendix Inside Waistband (AIWB) is where micro compacts truly shine. The short grip length prevents the butt from digging into your ribs when sitting, and the slim profile disappears under a t-shirt. Most micro compacts work well here, though the P365 XMacro and Hellcat Pro push the size limits for comfortable appendix carry.

Strong-side IWB (3-4 o’clock) remains the most popular carry method. Micro compacts excel here due to their reduced printing and lighter weight compared to compact pistols. The key is finding a holster with proper cant and ride height for your body type.

Pocket carry works with the smallest options like the standard P365, Hellcat, and GX4, but requires a quality pocket holster to prevent printing and protect the trigger. Avoid this method with larger variants like the P365XL or anything with an extended magazine.

Holster Selection Priorities

Retention and trigger coverage aren’t negotiable. Your holster must completely cover the trigger guard and hold the pistol securely during movement. Cheap holsters that allow trigger access or let the gun shift are dangerous.

Comfort matters for daily carry. A holster that works for an hour at the gun store might become unbearable after eight hours of daily wear. Look for options with rounded edges, proper belt attachment points, and sweat guards.

Concealment is why you chose a micro compact. The holster should maintain the gun’s low profile without adding unnecessary bulk. Avoid bulky retention systems or oversized belt clips that defeat the purpose.

Brand Compatibility

Holster availability varies dramatically by model. The P365 and Glock 43X have the most options, followed by the Hellcat series. Newer or less popular models like the Mossberg MC2sc or Stoeger STR-9MC have limited choices, potentially forcing you into custom or universal options.

Pro tip: Factor holster availability into your purchase decision. A great gun with no holster options isn’t practical for daily carry.

The best carry method is the one you’ll use consistently. Start with a quality kydex IWB holster from a reputable manufacturer, and resist the urge to constantly change setups. Consistency breeds proficiency.

We’ve evaluated dozens of these compact guns over the past several years and a couple stand out as far as balancing quality and value.

The budget buster should be considered the no-frills Taurus GX4 which is also the smallest micro 9 on the market. It has great (steel Glock pattern) sights that can easily be upgraded, a good trigger and spacious trigger guard, and the capability to run both 11+1 round flush fitting and 13+1 round extended magazines.

A little secret: you’d be surprised how many gun writers carry the GX4. It is just hard to beat, especially for the money.

A great mid-tier option is the Hellcat Pro, which can be had for around $500 if you shop around. It has one of the most comfortable grips of all the micro-9s, and even though it runs 15+1 round flush fit magazines, still carries very well due to the ergonomics and overall svelte design characteristics.

In addition, the sights are superb and probably the best available on any Micro 9 right out of the box.

Stepping up to the championship is the SIG P365XMacro, which is really in a class by itself due to its 17+1 round flush fit magazine while remaining just 5.2 inches high. Plus, it has a full Pic rail for WMLs, which is nice if you want to double-use the gun as a home defense pistol.

Which ever micro compact calls your name, be sure to try a few before making your final decision. There’s a ton of variety in this segment, with each brand bringing something special to the party.